The Border Guard of the Republic of Poland is a unified, uniformed, fully professional and armed law enforcement authority tasked with protection of the state border on land and at sea and with cross border traffic control. It was established by the Act of October 12, 1990. It started its actual work on May 16, 1991 when the Border Protection Troops, former military border protection structure, ceased to operate and were dissolved. The Border Guard is supervised by the Ministry of Interior. The Commandant-in-Chief of the Border Guard is a central state administration authority for the border protection matters.

The Border Guard has the following structure:

The Headquarters of the Border Guard in Warsaw, 2 Border Guard Training Centers, 10 Border Guard Regional Units.

The Maritime Regional Unit of Border Guard in Gdańsk is the only one regional unit responsible both for land and blue border surveillance as well as for surveillance of the Polish maritime area.